1

Passenger Vehicles

 

Target Scope


●Gasoline-fueled, diesel-fueled, and LPG-fueled passenger vehicles (excluding passenger vehicles powered by electricity (limited to power supplied from external power source (the same applies hereinafter)) with a riding capacity of 9 persons or less, or with a riding capacity of 10 persons (limited to vehicles with a gross vehicle weight of 3.5 tons or less), and which are vehicles that have been type-designated according to Item 1, Article 75 of the Road Transport Vehicle Act (Act No. 185 in 1951) (type-designated vehicles).
(Hereinafter they are referred to as “specified gasoline passenger vehicles”, “diesel passenger vehicles”, “specified LPG passenger vehicles”.)

●Electricity-powered passenger vehicles (limited to ones using fuel) with a riding capacity of 9 persons or less, or with a riding capacity of 10 persons or more (limited to vehicles with a gross vehicle weight of 3.5 tons or less), and which are type-designated vehicles.
(Hereinafter they are referred to as “plug-in hybrid passenger vehicles”.)

●Electricity-powered passenger vehicles (excluding ones using fuel) with a riding capacity of 9 persons or less, or with a riding capacity of 10 persons or more (limited to vehicles with a gross vehicle weight of 3.5 tons or less), and which are type-designated vehicles.
(Hereinafter they are referred to as “electric passenger vehicles”.)

●Gasoline-fueled and diesel-fueled passenger vehicles with a riding capacity of 11 persons or more (limited to vehicles with a gross vehicle weight of 3.5 tons or less), which are type-designated vehicles.
(Hereinafter they are referred to as “small buses”.)

●Gasoline-fueled, diesel-fueled, and LPG-fueled passenger vehicles with a riding capacity of 11 persons or more (limited to vehicles with a gross vehicle weight of 3.5 tons or less), which are type-designated vehicles.
(Hereinafter they are referred to as “specified small buses”.)

●Diesel-fueled passenger vehicles with a riding capacity of 10 persons or more (limited to vehicles with a gross vehicle weight exceeding 3.5 tons), which are type-designated vehicles or vehicles fitted with a device for preventing the emanation of carbon monoxide, etc. designated according to Item 1, Article 75-3 of the Road Transport Vehicle Act (vehicles designated to be fitted with a device for preventing the emanation of carbon monoxide, etc.), excluding vehicles equipped with a function to have their power source charged externally.
(Hereinafter they are referred to as “route buses, etc.” or “ordinary buses, etc.”.)

Two-wheeled vehicles (including those with sidecar) and full-track vehicles are excluded.

 

Energy Consumption Efficiency


Energy consumption efficiency shall be a numeric value (fuel efficiency in km/L) as stipulated in the statute related to the calculation of the energy consumption efficiency of a vehicle (No. 3 statute of the Ministry of International Trade and Industry and the Ministry of Transport enacted in 1979).
It is noted that the following fuel efficiency shall be used according to the type of vehicles.


[Specified gasoline passenger vehicles, diesel passenger vehicles, specified LPG passenger vehicles]

●Categories & Target Standard Values (1)
It shall be JC08 mode fuel efficiency values.

* For those whose JC08 mode fuel efficiency values are not calculated, WLTC mode fuel efficiency values shall be used.

●Categories & Target Standard Values (2)
It shall be WLTC mode fuel efficiency values.

[Plug-in hybrid passenger vehicles, electric passenger vehicles]

●It shall be values calculated using WLTC mode fuel efficiency values

[Small buses]

●Categories & Target Standard Values (1)
It shall be JC08 mode fuel efficiency values.

* For those whose JC08 mode fuel efficiency values are not calculated, WLTC mode fuel efficiency values shall be used.

[Specified small buses]

●Categories & Target Standard Values (2)
It shall be WLTC mode fuel efficiency values or values calculated using WLTC mode fuel efficiency values.

[Route buses, etc., ordinary buses, etc.]

●Categories & Target Standard Values (3)
It shall be heavy vehicle mode fuel efficiency values.

●Categories & Target Standard Values (4)
It shall be JH25 mode fuel efficiency values.

 

Categories & Target Standard Values


Target fiscal years and target standard values by vehicle type and fuel type are shown in the table below.


Vehicle type Vehicle type name Type of fuel/ power source Riding capacity,
Gross vehicle weight
Target fiscal year and
target standard value
Passenger
vehicles
Specified gasoline
passenger vehicles
Gasoline 9 persons or less;
or 10 persons and
3.5 tons or less
FY2020 and each subsequent fiscal year (until FY2029).
Target standard values shown in (1).
FY2030 and each subsequent fiscal year.
Target standard values shown in (2).
Diesel
passenger
vehicles
Diesel oil 9 persons or less;
or 10 persons and
3.5 tons or less
FY2020 and each subsequent fiscal year (until FY2029).
Target standard values shown in (1).
FY2030 and each subsequent fiscal year.
Target standard values shown in (2).
Specified
LPG
passenger
vehicles
LP gas 9 persons or less;
or 3.5 tons or less
FY2020 and each subsequent fiscal year (until FY2029).
Target standard values shown in (1).
FY2030 and each subsequent fiscal year.
Target standard values shown in (2).
Plug-in hybrid
passenger
vehicles
Electricity
(those using fuel)
9 persons or less;
10 persons or more and
3.5 tons or less
FY2030 and each subsequent fiscal year.
Target standard values shown in (2).
Electric
passenger
vehicles
Electricity
(excluding those using fuel)
9 persons or less;
10 persons or more and
3.5 tons or less
FY2030 and each subsequent fiscal year.
Target standard values shown in (2).
Buses Small buses Gasoline or
diesel oil
11 persons
or more and
3.5 tons or less
FY2020 and each subsequent fiscal year (until FY2029).
Target standard values shown in (1).
Specified
small buses
Gasoline,
diesel oil or LP gas
11 persons
or more and
3.5 tons or less
FY2030 and each subsequent fiscal year.
Target standard values shown in (2).
Route buses, etc.,
Ordinary buses, etc.
Diesel oil 10 persons or
more and over
3.5 tons
FY2015 and each subsequent fiscal year (until FY2024).
Target standard values shown in (3).
FY2025 and each subsequent fiscal year.
Target standard values shown in (4).
Remarks:
  1. “Gross vehicle weight” refers to the gross vehicle weight stipulated in Item 3, Article 40 of the Road Transport Vehicle Act. The same applies hereinafter.
  2. “Route buses, etc.” refers to the vehicles for passenger transportation services that are regularly operated on specified routes except routes on “national expressways, etc.” (roads stipulated in Item 1, Article 4 of the National Expressway Act and motorways stipulated in Article 48-4 of the Road Act. The same applies hereinafter.). The same applies hereinafter.
  3. “Ordinary buses, etc.” refers to the vehicles except the vehicles for passenger transportation services that are regularly operated on specified routes except routes on national expressways, etc. The same applies hereinafter.

[Specified gasoline passenger vehicles, Diesel passenger vehicles, Specified LPG passenger vehicles, Plug-in hybrid passenger vehicles, Electric passenger vehicles, Small buses, Specified small buses]

(1) Vehicles whose target fiscal year is FY2020 and each subsequent fiscal year (until FY2029)

●Specified gasoline passenger vehicles*1

●Diesel passenger vehicles*1

●Specified LPG passenger vehicles*1

●Small buses*1

In the target fiscal year and each subsequent fiscal year, the weighted harmonic average value*3 obtained by weighting energy consumption efficiency*2 with shipment volume shall not be below the target standard value which is a weighted harmonic average value*4 obtained by weighting the standard energy consumption efficiency with shipment volume for each category.

*1: They are referred to collectively as “FY2020 specified gasoline passenger vehicles, etc.”.
*2: JC08 mode fuel efficiency values. For those whose JC08 mode fuel efficiency values are not calculated, WLTC mode fuel efficiency values shall be used. The values shall be further divided by 1.1 in a case of diesel passenger vehicles and diesel-fueled small buses and by 0.78 in a case of specified LPG passenger vehicles and LPG-fueled small buses.
*3: It is referred to as “corporate average fuel efficiency value”.
*4: It is referred to as “corporate standard energy consumption efficiency”.
Category Standard energy
consumption efficiency
Vehicles weighing less than 741 kg 24.6
Vehicles weighing 741 kg or more and less than 856 kg 24.5
Vehicles weighing 856 kg or more and less than 971 kg 23.7
Vehicles weighing 971 kg or more and less than 1,081 kg 23.4
Vehicles weighing 1,081 kg or more and less than 1,196 kg 21.8
Vehicles weighing 1,196 kg or more and less than 1,311 kg 20.3
Vehicles weighing 1,311 kg or more and less than 1,421 kg 19.0
Vehicles weighing 1,421 kg or more and less than 1,531 kg 17.6
Vehicles weighing 1,531 kg or more and less than 1,651 kg 16.5
Vehicles weighing 1,651 kg or more and less than 1,761 kg 15.4
Vehicles weighing 1,761 kg or more and less than 1,871 kg 14.4
Vehicles weighing 1,871 kg or more and less than 1,991 kg 13.5
Vehicles weighing 1,991 kg or more and less than 2,101 kg 12.7
Vehicles weighing 2,101 kg or more and less than 2,271 kg 11.9
Vehicles weighing 2,271 kg or more 10.6
Remarks: “Vehicle weight” refers to the weight of a vehicle when empty as stipulated in Item 6, Article 1 of the safety standards for road transport vehicles (No. 67 statute of the Ministry of Transport in 1951). The same applies hereinafter.

[Judgment criteria exceptions]

In a case where the corporate average fuel efficiency value of a manufacturer or an importer of FY2020 specified gasoline passenger vehicle, etc. is below the corporate standard energy consumption efficiency but is not below the value obtained by multiplying the corporate standard energy consumption efficiency by 0.9, if the weighted harmonic average value obtained by weighting, with the number of the vehicles shipped, energy consumption efficiency of FY2020 specified gasoline passenger vehicles, etc. and energy consumption efficiency, obtained from the conversion formulas below, of plug-in hybrid passenger vehicles (excluding those using LPG as fuel with a riding capacity of 11 persons or more and a gross vehicle weight of 3.5 tons or less) and electric passenger vehicles is not below the corporate standard energy consumption efficiency, it may be regarded as that the corporate average fuel efficiency value is not below the corporate standard energy consumption efficiency.

FeEV = 9140/EC
FePHEV = 1/[UF(RCD)×{1/FeCD+1/<9.14×RCD /E>}+{1-UF(RCD)}/FeCS]
UF(RCD) = 1-exp (29.1×(RCD/400)6 - 98.9 × (RCD/400)5 + 134 × (RCD/400)4 - 89.5 × (RCD/400)3 + 32.5 × (RCD/400)2 - 11.8 × (RCD/400))
FeEV Converted energy consumption efficiency of electric passenger vehicles (km/l)
EC: AC electric energy consumption rate when running in WLTC mode (or JC08 mode) of electric passenger vehicles (Wh/km)
FePHEV Converted energy consumption efficiency of plug-in hybrid passenger vehicles (km/l)
FeCS Running distance per 1 liter of fuel when running in WLTC mode (or JC08 mode) without using externally charged electricity (km/l)
FeCD Running distance per 1 liter of fuel when running in WLTC mode (or JC08 mode) while using externally charged electricity (km/l)
RCD Maximum running distance that a vehicle can run in WLTC mode (or JC08 mode) while using externally charged electricity (hereinafter referred to as “plug-in range”) (km)
E1 Electric energy consumption per charge, which refers to the amount of externally charged electric energy required for running the plug-in range (kWh/charge)
UF(RCD): Factor calculated in accordance with the plug-in range

(2) Vehicles whose target fiscal year is FY2030 and each subsequent fiscal year

●Specified gasoline passenger vehicle*5

●Diesel passenger vehicles*5

●Specified LPG passenger vehicles*5

●Specified small buses*5

●Plug-in hybrid passenger vehicles*5

●Electric passenger vehicles*5

In the target fiscal year and each subsequent fiscal year, the weighted harmonic average value obtained by weighting energy consumption efficiency*6 with shipment volume shall not be below the target standard value which is a weighted harmonic average value obtained by weighting the standard energy consumption efficiency*7 expressed in the formula below with shipment volume per vehicle weight.


Standard energy consumption efficiency calculation formula
FeStandard(M)= -0.00000247×M2-0.000852×M+30.65
FeStandard(M): Standard energy consumption efficiency of a vehicle with the vehicle weight M (km/l)
M: Vehicle weight (kg)

*5: They are referred to collectively as “FY2030 specified gasoline passenger vehicles, etc.”

*6: Energy consumption efficiency for each vehicle type is as follows.

Vehicle Type Energy consumption efficiency
Specified gasoline passenger vehicles WLTC mode fuel efficiency value.
Diesel passenger vehicles and diesel-fueled specified small buses Value obtained by dividing WLTC mode fuel efficiency value by 1.1.
Specified LPG passenger vehicles and LPG-fueled specified small buses Value obtained by dividing WLTC mode fuel efficiency value by 0.74.
Plug-in hybrid passenger vehicles Value calculated with the following formula using the values when running in WLTC mode.

Energy consumption efficiency
= 1 / [UF(RCD) × {1 / FeCD + 1 / <6.75 × RCD / E1>} + {1 - UF(RCD)} / FeCS]

UF(RCD): Factor calculated in accordance with the plug-in range
FeCD: Plug-in fuel consumption rate (km/l)
FeCS: Hybrid fuel consumption rate (km/l)
E: Electric energy consumption per charge (kWh/charge)
RCD: Maximum distance that a vehicle can run in WLTC mode while using externally charged electricity (km)
Electric passenger vehicles Value calculated with the following formula using the values when running in WLTC mode.

Energy consumption efficiency = 6750 / EC

EC: AC electric energy consumption rate (Wh/km)
*7: Value rounded off to one decimal place. It is noted that when the vehicle weight is 2,759 kg or more, the value shall be 9.5.

[Route buses, etc., ordinary buses, etc.]

(3) Vehicles whose target fiscal year is FY2015 and each subsequent fiscal year (until FY2024)

●Route buses, etc.*8

In the target fiscal year and each subsequent fiscal year, for each category, the weighted harmonic average value*10 obtained by weighting energy consumption efficiency*9 with shipment volume shall not be below the target standard value.

*8: They are referred to as “FY2015 route buses, etc.”

*9: Heavy vehicle mode fuel efficiency values.

*10: It is referred to as “FY2015 route buses, etc. average fuel efficiency value”.

Category[Target standard value]
Standard energy consumption efficiency
Vehicles with a gross vehicle weight over 3.5 tons and not more than 8 tons 6.97
Vehicles with a gross vehicle weight over 8 tons and not more than 10 tons 6.30
Vehicles with a gross vehicle weight over 10 tons and not more than 12 tons 5.77
Vehicles with a gross vehicle weight over 12 tons and not more than 14 tons 5.14
Vehicles with a gross vehicle weight over 14 tons 4.23

●Ordinary buses, etc.*11

In the target fiscal year and each subsequent fiscal year, for each category, the weighted harmonic average value*13 obtained by weighting energy consumption efficiency*12 with shipment volume shall not be below the target standard value.

*11: They are referred to as “FY2015 ordinary buses, etc.”

*12: Heavy vehicle mode fuel efficiency values.

*13: It is referred to as “FY2015 ordinary buses, etc. average fuel efficiency value”.

Category[Target standard value]
Standard energy consumption efficiency
Vehicles with a gross vehicle weight over 3.5 tons and not more than 6 tons 9.04
Vehicles with a gross vehicle weight over 6 tons and not more than 8 tons 6.52
Vehicles with a gross vehicle weight over 8 tons and not more than 10 tons 6.37
Vehicles with a gross vehicle weight over 10 tons and not more than 12 tons 5.70
Vehicles with a gross vehicle weight over 12 tons and not more than 14 tons 5.21
Vehicles with a gross vehicle weight over 14 tons and not more than 16 tons 4.06
Vehicles with a gross vehicle weight over 16 tons 3.57

[Judgment criteria exceptions]

In a case where a manufacturer or an importer of FY2015 route buses, etc. or FY2015 ordinary buses, etc. has an underachieving category, in which the FY2015 route bus etc. average fuel efficiency value or FY2015 ordinary bus etc. average fuel efficiency value is below the standard energy consumption efficiency shown in the respective tables above, if the underachieving amount of the underachieving category (the value obtained by multiplying the difference between the inverse of the FY2015 route buses, etc. average fuel efficiency value or FY2015 ordinary buses, etc. average fuel efficiency value and the inverse of the standard energy consumption efficiency by the number of buses shipped in the category) can be offset by the overachieving amount (the value obtained by dividing, by 2, the total sum of the values obtained, for each of the categories in which the FY2015 route buses, etc. average fuel efficiency values or FY2015 ordinary buses, etc. average fuel efficiency values is not below the standard energy consumption efficiency, by multiplying the difference between the inverse of the FY2015 route buses, etc. average fuel efficiency value or FY2015 ordinary buses, etc. average fuel efficiency value and the inverse of the standard energy consumption efficiency by the number of buses shipped in the category), the underachieving category whose underachieving amount has been offset entirely may be regarded as a category in which the FY2015 route buses, etc. average fuel efficiency value or FY2015 ordinary buses, etc. average fuel efficiency value is not below the standard energy consumption efficiency.


(4) Vehicles whose target fiscal year is FY2025 and each subsequent fiscal year

●Route buses, etc.*14

In the target fiscal year and each subsequent fiscal year, for each category, the weighted harmonic average value*16 obtained by weighting energy consumption efficiency*15 with shipment volume shall not be below the target standard value.

*14: They are referred to as “FY2025 route buses, etc.”

*15: JH25 mode fuel efficiency values.

*16: It is referred to as “FY2025 route buses, etc. average fuel efficiency value”.

Category[Target standard value]
Standard energy consumption efficiency
Vehicles with a gross vehicle weight over 3.5 tons and not more than 8 tons 7.15
Vehicles with a gross vehicle weight over 8 tons and not more than 10 tons 6.30
Vehicles with a gross vehicle weight over 10 tons and not more than 12 tons 5.80
Vehicles with a gross vehicle weight over 12 tons and not more than 14 tons 5.27
Vehicles with a gross vehicle weight over 14 tons 4.52

●Ordinary buses, etc.*17

In the target fiscal year and each subsequent fiscal year, for each category, the weighted harmonic average value*19 obtained by weighting energy consumption efficiency*18 with shipment volume shall not be below the target standard value.

*17: They are referred to as “FY2025 ordinary buses, etc.”

*18: JH25 mode fuel efficiency values.

*19: It is referred to as “FY2025 ordinary buses, etc. average fuel efficiency value”.

Category[Target standard value]
Standard energy consumption efficiency
Vehicles with a gross vehicle weight over 3.5 tons and not more than 6 tons 9.54
Vehicles with a gross vehicle weight over 6 tons and not more than 8 tons 7.73
Vehicles with a gross vehicle weight over 8 tons and not more than 10 tons 6.37
Vehicles with a gross vehicle weight over 10 tons and not more than 12 tons 6.06
Vehicles with a gross vehicle weight over 12 tons and not more than 14 tons 5.29
Vehicles with a gross vehicle weight over 14 tons and not more than 16 tons 5.28
Vehicles with a gross vehicle weight over 16 tons 5.14

[Judgment criteria exceptions]

In a case where a manufacturer or an importer of FY2025 route buses, etc. or FY2025 ordinary buses, etc. has an underachieving category, in which the FY2025 route bus etc. average fuel efficiency value or FY2025 ordinary bus etc. average fuel efficiency value is below the standard energy consumption efficiency shown in the respective tables above, if the underachieving amount of the underachieving category (the value obtained by multiplying the difference between the inverse of the FY2025 route buses, etc. average fuel efficiency value or FY2025 ordinary buses, etc. average fuel efficiency value and the inverse of the standard energy consumption efficiency by the number of buses shipped in the category) can be offset by the overachieving amount (the value obtained by dividing, by 2, the total sum of the values obtained, for each of the categories in which the FY2025 route buses, etc. average fuel efficiency values or FY2025 ordinary buses, etc. average fuel efficiency values is not below the standard energy consumption efficiency, by multiplying the difference between the inverse of the FY2025 route buses, etc. average fuel efficiency value or FY2025 ordinary buses, etc. average fuel efficiency value and the inverse of the standard energy consumption efficiency by the number of buses shipped in the category), the underachieving category whose underachieving amount has been offset entirely may be regarded as a category in which the FY2025 route buses, etc. average fuel efficiency value or FY2025 ordinary buses, etc. average fuel efficiency value is not below the standard energy consumption efficiency.

 

Target Fiscal Year

[Specified gasoline passenger vehicles, Diesel passenger vehicles, Specified LPG passenger vehicles]

●FY2020 and each subsequent fiscal year (until FY2029)

●FY2030 and each subsequent fiscal year

[Plug-in hybrid passenger vehicles, Electric passenger vehicles]

●FY2030 and each subsequent fiscal year

[Small buses]

●FY2020 and each subsequent fiscal year (until FY2029)

[Specified small buses]

●FY2030 and each subsequent fiscal year

[Route buses, etc., ordinary buses, etc.]

●FY2015 and each subsequent fiscal year (until FY2024)

●FY2025 and each subsequent fiscal year

 

Energy Efficiency Improvement


●For specified gasoline passenger vehicles, etc. whose target fiscal year is FY2020, energy consumption efficiency is expected to be improved by about 19.6% compared with the FY2015 level in the target fiscal year (FY2020).

●For specified gasoline passenger vehicles, etc. whose target fiscal year is FY2030, energy consumption efficiency is expected to be improved by about 32.4% compared with the FY2016 level in the target fiscal year (FY2030).

●For route buses, etc. whose target fiscal year was FY2015, energy consumption efficiency was improved by about 9.3% compared with the FY2002 level in the target fiscal year (FY2015).

●For ordinary buses, etc. whose target fiscal year was FY2015, energy consumption efficiency was improved by about 5.5% compared with the FY2002 level in the target fiscal year (FY2015).

●For route buses, etc. whose target fiscal year is FY2025, energy consumption efficiency is expected to be improved by about 5.1% compared with the FY2015 level in the target fiscal year (FY2025).

●For ordinary buses, etc. whose target fiscal year is FY2025, energy consumption efficiency is expected to be improved by about 18.3% compared with the FY2015 level in the target fiscal year (FY2025).

 

Display Items


●Vehicle name and type

●Name of manufacturer, etc.

●Type of fuel used (regular gasoline, premium gasoline, diesel oil, LPG or electricity)

●Engine type and total displacement

●Vehicle weight

●Riding capacity

●Gross vehicle weight (limited to route buses, etc. or ordinary buses, etc.)

●Maximum output and maximum torque of engine

●Energy consumption efficiency
For those whose WTLC mode fuel efficiency values are calculated, energy consumption efficiency and other values shown in the table below.

Vehicle type Energy consumption efficiency, etc.
Specified gasoline passenger vehicles, Diesel passenger vehicles, Specified LPG passenger vehicles, Small buses, Specified small buses ・WLTC mode fuel efficiency value
・Urban mode fuel efficiency value
・Suburban mode fuel efficiency value
・Motorway mode fuel efficiency value
Plug-in hybrid passenger vehicles ・AC electric energy consumption rate
・Urban mode AC electric energy consumption rate
・Suburban mode AC electric energy consumption rate
・Motorway mode AC electric energy consumption rate
・Hybrid fuel consumption rate
・Urban mode Hybrid fuel consumption rate
・Suburban mode Hybrid fuel consumption rate
・Motorway mode Hybrid fuel consumption rate
Electric passenger vehicles ・AC electric energy consumption rate
・Urban mode AC electric energy consumption rate
・Suburban mode AC electric energy consumption rate
・Motorway mode AC electric energy consumption rate

●Type of fuel supply equipment

●Transmission type and number of speeds

●Each gear ratio of transmission (limited to route buses, etc. or ordinary buses, etc.)

●Cylinder direct injection and other major fuel efficiency improvement measures

●Mileage per charge (limited to electric passenger vehicles) or equivalent EV range (limited to plug-in hybrid passenger vehicles)

 

Display Location


Display items shall be presented in catalogs but, in the case of route buses, etc. or ordinary buses, etc., may be presented in materials provided for promotion of sales.

 

Requirement for Recommendations and Orders


Manufacturers or importers whose annual manufacturing volume or importing volume (limited to shipment to the domestic market) is 2,000 units or more (350 units or more in the case of passenger vehicles with a riding capacity of 11 persons or more) may be subject to recommendations and orders.